The term 'workability' in concrete indeed refers to the ease with which fresh concrete can be mixed, placed, and finished. It is a critical property of concrete that affects how well it can be handled and manipulated on a construction site. Achieving good workability means that the concrete can easily flow into molds, fill voids, and be shaped without excessive effort, which is essential for ensuring proper compaction and achieving the desired finish.
Workability encompasses several aspects, including the consistency, cohesiveness, and viscosity of the concrete mix. Factors influencing workability include the water-cement ratio, the type of aggregates used, and the presence of admixtures. Proper workability is vital for achieving durable concrete structures, as it allows the material to be adequately placed and finished, reducing the risk of voids or weak spots due to improper handling.
The other options do not accurately reflect the definition of workability. While the strength of hardened concrete, color of the mixture, and cost-effectiveness of materials are all important considerations in concrete construction, they do not pertain to how easily the fresh concrete can be worked with on-site.