What is the purpose of maintaining a specific water-cement ratio?

Maintaining a specific water-cement ratio is crucial for ensuring the proper hydration of cement particles, which is vital for the development of strength and durability in concrete. The water-cement ratio refers to the amount of water used in relation to the weight of cement, and it significantly influences the concrete's characteristics. A low water-cement ratio can lead to higher strength and reduced porosity, while a high ratio can result in weaker concrete with increased permeability and susceptibility to environmental damage.

Proper hydration ensures that the chemical reactions necessary for the curing process occur effectively, allowing concrete to achieve its intended design strength. This balance also helps prevent issues such as cracking and shrinkage that can arise from improper water content. Therefore, option B correctly identifies the primary purpose of maintaining a specific water-cement ratio, highlighting its importance in achieving strong, durable concrete.